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ere are the major
approaches and strategies for values development namely: inculcation, moral
development, clarification, value analysis, action learning and
transpersonal approach. However, we created a special page for the
PNU-ACES approach which we believe has a very high probability of
"winning the hearts and minds" of the learners of values. Check
it out.
MAJOR VALUES DEVELOPMENT APPROACHES AND
STRATEGIES
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APPROACH
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PURPOSE
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METHODS/STRATEGIES
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1. Inculcation
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To instill or internalize certainvalues in
students. To change the values of students so they more nearly reflect
certain desired values.
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modeling,
positive and negative reinforcement, mocking, nagging, manipulating
alternatives , providing incomplete or biased data; games and
simulation, role playing discovery learning; and story telling.
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2. Moral Development
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To help students
develop more complex moral reasoning patterns based on a higher set of
values. To urge students to discuss the reasons for their value choices
and positions not merely to share change in the stages of reasoning of
students.
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moral dilemma
episode, with small group discussion relatively structured and
argumentative, case study
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3.
Clarification
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To help students become aware of and identify
their own values and those of others. To help students use communicate
openly & honestly with others about their values. To help students
both rational thinking and emotional awareness to examining their
personal feelings, values and behavioral patterns.
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role playing
games; simulations; contrived or real value-laden situations; in-depth
self-analysis exercise, sensitivity activities; out-of-class
activities; small group discussion; clarifying response strategy (CRS)
values grid, ranking, group dynamics
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4.
Analysis
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To help students use logical thinking and
scientific procedures in order to investigate social issues inherent to
their immediate surrounding. To help students use rational and
analytical processes in interrelating and conceptualizing their values.
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Structured rational discussion that demands
application of reasons as well as evidence; testing principles;
analyzing analogous cases; debate; research. Individual or group study
library and field with rational class discussions.
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5. Action
Learning-goes beyond thinking and feeling
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To provide students with opportunities and chances
to discover and act on their values. To encourage students to view
themselves as personal-social interactive beings, not fully autonomous,
but members of a community or social system.
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Those method
listed for analysis and clarification as well as action project within
the school and community and skill practice in group organizing and
enter-personal relations.
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6.
Transpersonal Approach
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To develop among students a higher level of
consciousness and spiritual upliftment. It underscores the process of
self discovery and the significance of self-actualization to become a
fully functioning person.
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rest and
relaxation exercises, meditation and brief fantasizing, imagination,
creativity and mind games, awareness activities
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INCULCATION
http://www.expage.com/inculcation
MORAL DEVELOPMENT
http://www.expage.com/moraldevelopment
VALUES CLARIFICATION
http://www.expage.com/clarification
VALUES ANALYSIS
http://www.expage.com/valuesanalysis
ACTION LEARNING
http://www.expage.com/actionlearning
TRANSPERSONAL APPROACH
http://www.expage.com/transpersonal
PNU ACES APPROACH
http://www.expage.com/pnuaces
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